Electrification, renewable energy, and energy efficiency can address household and light industry emissions. But twelve industrial sectors produce CO₂ as an unavoidable chemical by-product or from processes that cannot be electrified — and for these sectors, CCUS is not one option among many but the only credible deep decarbonisation pathway.
125 MT/yr steel. Blast furnace and coal-DRI routes. 280 MT CO₂/yr. CBAM exposed.
380 MT/yr cement. 60% CO₂ from unavoidable calcination. CBAM exposure growing.
210 GW coal fleet. 70% of India's electricity. Cannot be rapidly retired.
ONGC, IOCL, HPCL. Refinery H₂ + CO₂-EOR + fugitive emissions.
India's largest chemical complex — GSPC, GNFC, IFFCO. Green urea opportunity.
Ministry of Coal target: 100 MT gasification by 2030. Pre-combustion CCS.
5 MT/yr. High electricity intensity + process emissions. Power sector link.
Growing WtE capacity. Biogenic CO₂ = negative emissions potential.
All refinery H₂ from unabated SMR — massive blue H₂ retrofit opportunity.
BECCS potential — biogenic CO₂ + CCS creates negative emissions.
High-temperature kiln emissions. Shared infrastructure with cement clusters.
Bagasse, agricultural biomass. BECCS creates negative emission credits.
India's industrial sector produces approximately 1.8 billion tonnes of CO₂ annually — second only to China among developing nations. More than 70% of these emissions come from twelve hard-to-abate sectors where the standard decarbonisation toolkit — renewable energy, electrification, and efficiency improvement — is insufficient. Steel produces CO₂ as a chemical reducing agent. Cement produces CO₂ from limestone decomposition. Coal power provides baseload electricity that renewables alone cannot yet replace on India's timeline. For each of these sectors, CCUS is not a theoretical future option but a near-term commercial necessity.
The sector-specific nature of CCUS advisory is critical because India's industrial structure differs materially from the OECD countries where most CCUS reference experience was developed. India's steel sector is dominated by coal-based DRI production — a route with no CCUS precedent anywhere in the world. India's cement sector operates in conditions of high ambient temperature, water stress, and variable coal quality that affect capture system performance in ways that European reference data does not capture. India's coal power fleet includes a large proportion of older subcritical units that are genuinely uneconomic for CCUS retrofit alongside newer supercritical units that are excellent candidates. A sector-specific advisory approach that accounts for these Indian-specific conditions is therefore not a luxury but a necessity for producing technically credible and financially bankable project assessments.
NCM's sector advisory programme covers all twelve hard-to-abate sectors — providing each sector with an India-calibrated analysis of CCUS technology options, capture economics, storage pathways, carbon credit and CBAM revenue, regulatory requirements, and financing structures. This programme draws on NCM's founding team's operational experience in Australia's CCUS sector and on structured knowledge exchange with Norway's Northern Lights, the UK's Net Zero Teesside, and Germany's carbon capture programmes.
Annual CO₂ from India's industrial sector — the CCUS challenge NCM addresses
Share from hard-to-abate sectors where CCUS is the primary decarbonisation tool
Industrial sectors covered by NCM's sector-specific CCUS advisory programme
India's Net Zero target year — industrial CCUS deployment must begin now to reach it
Every sector engagement delivers five core outputs — calibrated to India's specific industrial conditions rather than global averages.
Independent evaluation of all applicable CCUS technology options for the sector — capture routes, storage pathways, and utilisation opportunities — ranked by technical readiness and India-specific economic performance.
Quantification of CBAM liability, India Carbon Market credit potential, and voluntary carbon market revenue for each sector player — providing the commercial case for CCUS investment.
Identification of applicable DFI, climate finance, and commercial debt facilities for each sector — including ADB, IFC, GCF, AIIB, EIB, and sector-specific instruments.
Sector-specific regulatory mapping — MoEFCC environmental clearance, DGH storage permits, BIS standards, sectoral PAT scheme integration, and carbon market registration.
Identification of specific project candidates within each sector — plant-level screening, developer engagement, and consortium formation support.
Whether you are a government body seeking policy advice, an industrial company facing CBAM exposure, or an investor seeking CCUS project opportunities — our team is ready to engage.